President Donald Trump has launched a wave of Section 232 tariffs and investigations, seeking to protect U.S. national security. These nine graphics show the scale and structure of U.S. reliance on foreign suppliers for products ranging from cars to copper.

Ten CFR experts break down what the president's trade agenda has accomplished since he placed a ninety-day pause on his expansive “Liberation Day” tariffs. 

President Trump doubled almost all aluminum and steel import tariffs, seeking to curb China’s growing dominance in global trade. These six charts show the tariffs’ potential economic effects.

Trump’s tariffs will shift manufacturers from a “China plus one” to a “US plus one” strategy, putting higher-cost US-made goods at a global competitive disadvantage.

US exports not only reduce deficits, they also bring higher-paying jobs and greater innovation. A tariff-driven trade war will hold back their growth. 

President Trump’s tariffs on Canada, China, and Mexico could upend U.S. trade. These nine charts show what’s at stake, what comes next, and why it matters.

Trump’s revival of his punitive immigration playbook will overwhelm Mexico’s overburdened state, sandbag regional economic growth and enrich criminal cartels.

President Trump has threatened new tariffs on all imports from Canada and Mexico. His trade plans threaten the future of the United States’ largest free trade agreement.

Washington Must Cooperate With Sheinbaum on Trade, Security, and Migration

The closely watched elections on July 28 will determine whether incumbent President Nicolás Maduro wins a third term or allows a democratic transition.

Over the last thirty years, growth in Central Europe, much of Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa has outpaced that in Latin America.

A record number of voters will look to elect Mexico’s first woman president.

What New Leadership—Possibly in Both Countries—​Might Mean for Cooperation

Economic Security Begins Closer to Home

Stalemate over a trade deal with the European Union has left Mercosur on life support. Its revival depends on spurring greater intraregional trade.

Las naciones de América del Sur no pueden crecer y prosperar sin conectarse a las cadenas de suministro y al comercio global. Y para ello necesitarán socios.

Pausa nas negociações de livre comércio com a União Europeia abrem espaço para que Uruguai avance em negociações bilaterais

Decoupling and derisking, deglobalization, slowbalization, and localization.

The Western Hemisphere needs regional solutions to make the most of the migration wave it faces.

Una ola migratoria sin precedentes en todo el hemisferio occidental tensiona a las comunidades y agita la política en múltiples países.

The window is still open for the region to benefit from the supply chain reshuffle—but not for much longer.

Many economies in the Americas already have bilateral free trade agreements with Washington, offering a stronger base for nearshoring, deeper integration and higher standards.

Muitas economias no continente americano já firmaram acordos bilaterais de livre comércio com Washington, oferecendo uma base mais sólida para o nearshoring, uma integração mais profunda e padrões mais elevados.

El giro militarista de los responsables políticos de ambos gobiernos, mexicano y estadounidense, no hará más segura a ninguna de las dos naciones.

To curb violence and drug trafficking, Mexico needs functioning civilian police forces and court systems, not US military strikes and boots on the ground.

Nearshoring beats reshoring and is the best way for American companies and workers to compete with the biggest economic challenge they face.

Globalization is taking a beating. It faces a rising chorus of critics, particularly in the United States, that blame it for wage stagnation, inequality, and hollowed-out industrial towns.

Fully implementing and funding its 2008 constitutional reform of the justice system would reduce impunity, boost public confidence and uphold the basic rule of law.

A successful reform of the system is essential not only to reducing poverty, but also to restoring public faith in the country’s democracy.

A case for greater intraregional trade in today’s changing world.

Globalization, as commonly understood, is mostly a myth; the reality is far closer to regionalization.

Halfway through his term, President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador is moving from bending democratic norms and laws to breaking them — a slide that the U.S. cannot afford to ignore.

Forget all the talk about the region’s “pink tide” and focus on which candidate is most likely to lift the greatest number of boats.

Once the region’s no-frills, free-market poster child, Chile needs more government spending, not less, to sustain its growth trajectory.

Once able to rely on larger-than-life finance ministers, the region’s business leaders now need to make the public case for free markets via retail politics.

Blame industrial policy and trade barriers—and not just the pandemic.

President Lopez Obrador’s plan to renationalize electricity generation will make it more expensive, dirtier and less reliable and jeopardize the inclusive economic growth he says he wants.